City of Vandalia, Illinois
A community-scale clean energy study

Vandalia Community Geothermal

Looking to serve the residential community, three schools, the hospital, and potentially the downtown area of Vandalia, Illinois.

Residential community 3 Schools Hospital Downtown core (potential)
Sign Letter of Intent FAQ Information Session

About the program

About the Vandalia Community Geothermal Program

The City of Vandalia is progressing with the second phase of engineering, which includes reaching out to residents and business owners in Vandalia to explore the potential for community geothermal to provide resilient heating and cooling for individual homes and businesses.

Community Geothermal connects to the homes, schools, and businesses through a shared underground pipe that uses the Earth's stable temperatures for heating in the winter and cooling in the summer. Each participant will have their own dedicated geothermal heat pump inside their structure, which will connect to the shared loop running underground throughout the city. This is the same as any utility that provides potable water, natural gas, and even electricity. The difference here is that the heating and cooling that this system provides is created, retained, and distributed in Vandalia, making the community more resilient and efficient for all participants. Systems like this reduce dependency on outside energy supplies, strengthening long-term energy stability and keeping more jobs and value within our community for our residents and businesses.

Are you interested? Let us know.

If you live or own a business in Vandalia and want to be part of this study, share your information below. We will keep you posted on town meetings, webinars, and opportunities to participate.

See upcoming outreach

or send us an email at info@vandaliageothermal.com.

Benefits

The benefits of geothermal and community geothermal

Geothermal Heat Pump Benefits

  • The most efficient way to heat and cool your structure, using stable temperatures found beneath the earth.
  • Quiet indoor operating equipment with no outside equipment necessary.
  • Longer system life span than conventional HVAC or air-sourced heat pumps.
  • Year-round heating and cooling from one system.

Community Geothermal Benefits

  • Eliminates the need for individual geothermal installation at your house or business.
  • Shares underground infrastructure across the community, similar to water, gas, or sewer lines.
  • Each building or home still gets its own dedicated geothermal heat pump.
  • Improves overall system efficiency through coordinated design.
  • Scalable community energy system built for long-term reliability.

Why It Matters

  • Keeps energy investment local within the community.
  • Strengthens long-term energy stability and resilience.
  • Expands access to the best heating and cooling available, helping more residents benefit from lower costs and better performance.

Community outreach

Coming up over the next six to eight months

The City will be performing outreach within the community. Over the next six to eight months, we will be performing community outreach services in the form of:

Project area

Where will the project be located?

Five zones, one citywide assessment

To find the strongest fit for community geothermal in Vandalia, the city has been divided into five geographic zones. Each zone is being evaluated for building density, energy use, and resident interest.

Zone 1 is the primary focus

Zone 1, anchored around the school complex and the historic core east of downtown, is the leading candidate for the first borefield. It offers the right mix of building types, schools, the hospital, residential homes, and commercial buildings, to support a viable shared loop.

Interest is welcome citywide

Interest is being gathered from every zone. Depending on how interest is distributed, the project may include more than one site, wherever a sufficient concentration of homes and buildings makes a shared loop feasible. If you live or operate a building anywhere in Vandalia, we want to hear from you.

Express interest for your zone
Aerial map of Vandalia divided into five zones with dashed yellow boundaries. Zone 1 sits east of downtown, Zone 2 covers the south-central residential area, Zone 3 is the southeast, Zone 4 is the west, and Zone 5 is the north industrial area.
Vandalia divided into five assessment zones. Zone 1 is the primary focus; interest is being gathered across the entire city.

How it works

How It Works

Split illustration of a single house showing summer at 95 degrees on the left and winter at 17 degrees on the right, both maintaining 72 degree indoor comfort through a vertical geothermal loop reaching 52 degree earth below.
The same ground loop heats the home in winter and cools it in summer, drawing on the earth's steady underground temperature.

How Geothermal Heat Pumps Work

Geothermal heat pumps use the stable temperature of the earth just below the surface to heat and cool buildings efficiently. A small underground loop circulates fluid through the ground, where it absorbs heat in the winter and transfers it into the building. In the summer, the process reverses: heat is pulled out of the building and moved back into the ground, keeping indoor spaces comfortable year-round. Because the system works with the earth's consistent underground temperature instead of outside air, it delivers highly efficient heating and cooling in every season.

How Community Geothermal Works

A Community Geothermal (Thermal Energy Network) system expands this same technology to serve multiple buildings through shared infrastructure. Instead of each home or facility installing its own ground loop, the community uses a shared network of underground piping, wells, and pumps that maintains a stable, ambient-temperature loop beneath the streets.

Each building still has its own geothermal heat pump inside the structure, but all buildings connect to the same underground loop. That loop is what's shared, not the equipment inside the home. In winter, heat is drawn from the shared loop into buildings for heating, and in summer, excess heat is returned back into the loop for cooling. By sharing the underground infrastructure, the system reduces drilling requirements, lowers upfront installation costs, and allows more homes and businesses to access geothermal heating and cooling.

Cutaway rendering of Vandalia's community geothermal network. The schools, anchor hospital, and surrounding homes sit above ground, connected by an ambient-temperature loop running beneath the street to a vertical well field under the school grounds. Banner across the top reads 'Vandalia, IL Community Geothermal Project: Powering our future, together.'
Vandalia's community geothermal concept: schools, the hospital, and homes connected to a single shared ambient loop with a central well field.
Thumbnail of HEET's 'From Gas to Geo' explainer video. From Gas to GeoHEET · Click to watch on YouTube
Note: This video was produced by HEET (Home Energy Efficiency Team) for Massachusetts, where utilities are piloting the first community geothermal networks. The technology and approach would be the same in Vandalia.

A few things worth knowing

  • It's efficient. Community geothermal systems are roughly six times more efficient than the most efficient natural-gas furnace on the market.
  • It's not new. Ground-source heat pumps have been in use since the late 1940s. What's new is utilities and cities deploying them at the community scale.
  • The wells are shallow, not deep. The system stays in shallow bedrock, where the sun's warmth over millennia has heated the ground to roughly the average annual air temperature for the area. We are not tapping deep heat.
  • It complements local context. In Vandalia, the system would replace the natural-gas-and-electric heating and cooling currently used in homes, the schools, the hospital, and downtown buildings.
Two construction workers in safety gear standing next to rows of black HDPE ambient-loop pipes on the grass, in front of a brick apartment complex.
Workers carrying ambient-temperature pipe to be installed in Framingham, Massachusetts. Vandalia's installation would look similar, with the loop running under public right-of-way and connecting buildings along the route.
Photo: HEET

For a deeper technical and policy dive, HEET (Home Energy Efficiency Team) maintains a substantial library of community geothermal research at heet.org/what-is-gas-to-geo.

You can also see the U.S. Department of Energy's overview of geothermal heat pumps.

By the numbers

The project at a glance

152
Vertical boreholes, 500 ft deep
8 mi
Ambient temperature loop piping
2,005
Tons peak heating capacity

Buildings the study will explore serving

> 100
Residential homes
3
Schools (1,460 students)
25 beds
SBL Fayette County Hospital
15-20
Commercial buildings (potential)
1
Vandalia Swimming Pool (waste heat recovery)
1.057M
Total square feet conditioned
Aerial view of the Vandalia school complex showing the primary borefield location, a yellow grid of wells north of the schools, and a potential secondary location to the south.
Proposed borefield location adjacent to the school complex on Veterans Avenue, with a potential secondary location to the south.

The borefield

The borefield is the part of the system you'll never see. It would sit beneath open ground at the school complex, holding 152 vertical wells drilled to a depth of 500 feet. Each well contains a closed loop of high-density polyethylene pipe filled with a water-based heat transfer fluid.

Total drilling: 75,947 linear feet. Footprint: 1.43 acres. Once complete, the surface above the borefield can return to ordinary use, athletic fields, parking, or open ground.

A vision for Vandalia

One shared loop. Every connected building.

A community-scale system tying the school complex, the hospital, downtown buildings, and surrounding homes into a single underground network. Built once, shared by all.

For homeowners

What this could mean for your home

If your home is in the proposed service area and you choose to participate, the community geothermal system would replace your furnace and air conditioner with a heat pump that connects to the shared loop. You'd get heating in winter, cooling in summer, and hot water (depending on configuration), all from one quieter, more efficient system.

Because the heat pump runs on electricity and uses the ground's stable temperature, the system protects your home from natural gas price volatility and gives you reliable comfort year-round.

Participation in any future system would be voluntary. The City will hold public information sessions before any commitments are made, and the study now under way is what determines whether the project moves forward at all.

Environmental impact

How community geothermal serves the climate

If the proposed system is built, the analysis projects substantial reductions in carbon emissions for Vandalia compared to the conventional natural-gas-and-electric status quo.

2,148
Tons CO₂ avoided per year (gas displacement)
85%
Carbon reduction vs. status quo HVAC
630
Equivalent gasoline cars off the road, per year

Project status

Where the study is now, and what's next

The feasibility study is complete. The City is now sequencing community engagement, geological assessment, and federal incentive work that comes before any construction decision.

Phase 1
Months 1–12
Detailed geological survey and test boring. Final engineering design and permitting. Community outreach and enrollment. Secure financing and federal incentives.
Phase 2
Months 13–24
Borefield installation. Central plant. Connections at the schools, hospital, and commercial core.
Phase 3
Months 25–36
Distribution loop build-out. Residential connections. Individual heat pump installations. Commissioning and testing.
Phase 4
Years 3–5
Performance monitoring and optimization. Additional residential connections within the expansion potential. Tours and community education.

Frequently asked questions

Questions Vandalia residents are asking

Will I be required to participate?

No. Participation in any future system would be voluntary. The project is designed around an institutional anchor (schools and hospital) so residential homes can connect at their own pace.

What happens to my furnace and AC?

If you participate, you would replace your furnace and AC with a heat pump connected to the shared underground loop. The heat pump handles both heating and cooling, year-round, from the same equipment.

Will my yard be torn up?

Borefield drilling happens at a single site at the school complex, not in residential yards. The distribution piping runs in public right-of-way under streets. Each connected home needs a small service connection from the street to the building, similar to a water or gas service tap.

How long does the system last?

Geothermal borefields have an operational life of 50 to 100 years. The Boise, Idaho district geothermal system has been operating continuously since 1892. Heat pumps inside buildings have a service life similar to a furnace, around 20 to 25 years, and are individually replaceable without disturbing the underground loop.

What's the environmental benefit?

The analysis projects roughly 2,148 tons of CO₂ avoided per year through displaced natural gas use, an 85% reduction compared to the status quo of gas heating and grid-electric cooling.

How is this different from a single home with a geothermal heat pump?

A single home installs one ground-source heat pump and drills its own well. A community system shares one larger borefield across many buildings. That sharing improves efficiency (cooling demand from one building can offset heating demand from another) and shifts maintenance to professional district operators.

How can I follow the study?

Use the "Express interest" form above to be added to the City's outreach list. You'll get notice of town meetings, webinars, and ways to participate as the study progresses.

Looking for more information?

Independent resources on community geothermal

Community geothermal is a relatively new technology at this scale, and several independent organizations have built up extensive technical and policy resources. If you're researching the topic on your own, these are good places to go deeper.

HEET (Home Energy Efficiency Team) is a Massachusetts non-profit central to the development of community geothermal as a regulated utility service. Their data bank collects technical and policy resources from across the country.

Resources and references

Project documents and comparable systems

Vandalia Community Geothermal Feasibility Study (Feb 2026)

Full technical analysis of the proposed system. Available on request from the City. Link pending

Eversource Geothermal Pilot Program (Framingham, MA)

The closest active analog to what Vandalia is studying. Visit framinghamma.gov

U.S. Department of Energy: Geothermal Heat Pumps

Plain-language explainer of how the underlying technology works. Visit energy.gov

Comparable systems

Ball State University (Muncie, IN), St. Paul District Energy (St. Paul, MN), Boise Warm Springs Water District (Boise, ID).